نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری مبانی نظری، دانشکده معارف و اندیشه اسلامی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
2 استاد گروه مبانی نظری، دانشکده معارف و اندیشه اسلامی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
3 دانشیار گروه مبانی نظری، دانشکده معارف و اندیشه اسلامی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
4 استادیار گروه مبانی نظری، دانشکده معارف و اندیشه اسلامی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
This research, employing an integrative-synthesis approach, re-examines the contentious relationship between religion and government in the thought of Baruch Spinoza and Allamah Sayyid Muhammad Husayn Tabataba'i. The central research question, moving beyond mere comparison, is how a new perspective for constructive interaction between political and spiritual authority can be achieved through a dialogue between the two opposing paradigms of "governance over religion" and "religious governance." The findings indicate that Spinoza, in response to the theological-political crises of his time, formulates the theory of "governance over religion" to ensure peace and security. Conversely, Allamah Tabataba'i, relying on the concepts of fitra (innate human nature) and i'tibariyat (social constructs), presents the theory of "religious governance" as a comprehensive system for achieving human felicity.
By placing these two perspectives in a critical dialogue, this study argues that Spinoza's realism in managing human emotions and his emphasis on civil order can render the idealistic aspects of Allamah's theory more effective. Reciprocally, the concept of fitra in Allamah's thought can provide a transcendent and meaningful foundation for the "public good" and "justice," preventing the state from becoming a self-serving power. Ultimately, this research proposes the model of "critical collaboration between religion and state" as a conceptual synthesis, in which the state is the guardian of order and freedom, while religion, as a value-giving and orienting source, provides its legitimacy and ethical telos.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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