University of Isfahan Comparative Theology 2008-9651 15 2 2024 12 21 Critique of Views Regarding the Imamate of Prophet Abraham (PBUH), Centered on the Article by Imam Musa Sadr and the Elucidation of the Theory of the Imam of Nations Critique of Views Regarding the Imamate of Prophet Abraham (PBUH), Centered on the Article by Imam Musa Sadr and the Elucidation of the Theory of the Imam of Nations 33 40 29291 10.22108/coth.2025.143641.1948 FA Mohammadali Rostamian Assistant Professor, Department of Islamic Studies, Faculty of Theology and Ahl-al-Bayt Studies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran Journal Article 2024 12 11 In response to the question of why Prophet Abraham (PBUH) was appointed to the position of Imamate, various theories have been proposed in verse 2:124 of the Quran. Imam Musa Sadr, in his article "A Reflection on the Verse of the Imamate of Abraham (PBUH)”, critiques four theories: the same status of Prophethood, appointment to political-social leadership, Imamate at the rank of the Ulul Azm Prophets (PBUH), and inner guidance. He also presents a fifth theory titled "Pioneering in Action”. However, this theory has also failed to provide a suitable explanation for the Imamate of that Prophet (PBUH). In this article, using a descriptive-analytical method, we reject these five theories and propose a new theory titled "Prophet Abraham (PBUH), Imam of the Nations”. This theory, based on verses, narrations, and historical evidence, distinguishes the Sharia of Prophet Abraham (PBUH) in its universality from the Sharia of the other three Ulul Azm Prophets (PBUH) and considers it in harmony and unity with Islamic Sharia. The Sharia of that Prophet has always been present in the world after him and has been connected to Islamic Sharia. Prophet Abraham (PBUH) has been a role model for all people of the world and a standard for monotheism and religiosity. For this reason, he has been the Imam of the nations, and his appointment to the position of Imamate is a specific appointment that even differs from his Imamate in terms of being one of the Ulul Azm. In response to the question of why Prophet Abraham (PBUH) was appointed to the position of Imamate, various theories have been proposed in verse 2:124 of the Quran. Imam Musa Sadr, in his article "A Reflection on the Verse of the Imamate of Abraham (PBUH)”, critiques four theories: the same status of Prophethood, appointment to political-social leadership, Imamate at the rank of the Ulul Azm Prophets (PBUH), and inner guidance. He also presents a fifth theory titled "Pioneering in Action”. However, this theory has also failed to provide a suitable explanation for the Imamate of that Prophet (PBUH). In this article, using a descriptive-analytical method, we reject these five theories and propose a new theory titled "Prophet Abraham (PBUH), Imam of the Nations”. This theory, based on verses, narrations, and historical evidence, distinguishes the Sharia of Prophet Abraham (PBUH) in its universality from the Sharia of the other three Ulul Azm Prophets (PBUH) and considers it in harmony and unity with Islamic Sharia. The Sharia of that Prophet has always been present in the world after him and has been connected to Islamic Sharia. Prophet Abraham (PBUH) has been a role model for all people of the world and a standard for monotheism and religiosity. For this reason, he has been the Imam of the nations, and his appointment to the position of Imamate is a specific appointment that even differs from his Imamate in terms of being one of the Ulul Azm.

https://coth.ui.ac.ir/article_29291_223d549ca042e41050f14f2f97acfba0.pdf